Iraq War Debate -
2002/2007
Documents in the News Special
and
Political
Science 498
Dr. Raymond Tanter
GUIDANCE
FOR
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION
BOOKS AND ARTICLES
Comprehensive Sites |
Books |
Periodical Indexes |
Full Text Periodicals
Humor |
News |
News Summaries |
Think Tanks
THREAT ASSESSMENTS
Ahmed Chalabi |
Chemical/Biological Warfare |
CIA Leak |
David Kay |
David Kelly Suicide
Duelfer Report |
Intelligence Problems |
Iraq Human Rights Abuse |
Iraq WMD Threat |
Niger Uranium
North Korea |
Suicide Bombers |
Tenet Resignation |
Terrorism
CONTAINMENT STRATEGIES
Comprehensive U.S. Policy |
Azores Summit |
Bush Administration |
Chirac
Economic Sanctions |
International Treaties |
Iraq Weapons Inspections - 2002
Iraq Weapons Inspections - 1998 |
Iraq Weapons Declaration |
Iraq's Position |
No Fly Zone
Oil-For-Food |
Regime Change |
Secy. Powell |
Security Council Inspection Resolution
War Authorization Debate (UN) |
War Declarations
Woodward's Plan of Attack
MILITARY ISSUES
Desert Fox |
Downing St. Memo |
Gulf
War |
Iran-Iraq War |
Military Assessments
War Powers - Bush/Congress |
War Preparations (Iraq) |
War Preparations (US)
WAR
Casualties |
Coalition |
Deck of Cards |
Embedding Journalists |
Homeland Security
Humanitarian Aid |
Hussein Brothers |
Iraqi Leadership |
Military Assessments |
Military Operations |
Oil
Prisoners of War |
War Authorization Debate (UN) |
War Crimes |
War Declaration |
Weblogs
PROJECTED POLITICAL AFTERMATH OF WAR
Articles |
Draft Constitution |
European Union |
Iraqi Interest Groups
Jay Garner |
John Negroponte
Regime Change |
United States Proposals
UNITED STATES OCCUPATION
Al-Zarqawi |
Articles |
Blackwater |
Civil War |
Coalition Provisional Authority |
Costs |
IRAQ STUDY GROUP |
Political Transfer of Power
Prisoner Abuse |
Protest Groups |
Reconstruction |
Rumsfeld |
Statistics |
Surge Strategy |
Terrorism
Troop Strength |
U.N. Involvement |
U.S. Agencies |
Victory Strategy |
Withdrawal Strategy |
Woodward Book
TRANSITIONAL GOVERNMENT
Iraqi Government |
President's Speech Series |
United Nations Role |
United States Role
PERMANENT GOVERNMENT
Election 2005 |
Officials
SADDAM HUSSEIN CAPTURE
Capture |
Trial |
Execution
INTEREST GROUPS
Bin Laden |
Prominent Individuals |
Public Opinion |
War Opposition
PRIMARY PLAYERS
Coalition |
Iraq |
Middle East Countries |
Countries Outside Middle East
North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
Religious Composition |
United Nations |
United States
TERM PAPERS
Citation Guides |
Course Information |
HTML Guides |
Reference Tools
Research Guides |
Turabian
RELATED WEB PAGES
America's War Against Terrorism |
Middle East Conflicts
Weapons of Mass Destruction
| (UMich Only)
following
a link means it is only available to people accessing it on the
University
of Michigan's Ann Arbor campus or to registered University of Michigan
users. | |
Last updated on September 15,
2008
Books and Articles
- Government
Views on Iraq (CUNY)
- Extensive analysis of speeches and documents on the Iraq War issued
by
the federal government or United Nations
- Ranges from statements on the Bush doctrine to
debaathification
- War on
Terrorism: Saddam Hussein and Iraq (East Carolina
University)
- Covers news, government documents, human rights, military options,
weapons inspection, and the impact of sanctions
- Includes link to a companion page on post-Saddam Iraq
- Quality links and brief annotations
- Terrorism and
Proliferation (Ray Tanter)
- Course notes and readings on dealing with terrorists
- Competing political theories for combatting terrorism
- Aspects of the war with Iraq
- Includes excerpts from Dr. Tanter's Rogue
Regimes
|
This webmaster gratefully thanks Dr. Raymond Tanter and
Mr. David Durant for their inspiration and well-chosen sources
| |
- MIRLYN-Web for
books and research
reports within the University of Michigan Library system
- SUBJECT Searching uses controlled vocabulary.
Sample headings:
- Biological weapons
- Chemical weapons
- Deterrence
- Disarmament
- International relations--decision-making
- International relations--psychological aspects
- Iraq--Foreign Relations
- Iraq War, 2003
- Korea (North)--Foreign Relations
- Persian Gulf War 1991
- Rational choice theory
- Russia--Foreign Relations--Iraq
- State-sponsored terrorism
- Weapons of mass destruction
Boolean Logic
- Keyword Searching in MIRLYN-Web
iraq and sanction? [truncation for various endings]
terrorism and middle w east [w indicates phrase
searching]
hussein and (chemical or biological or nuclear)
[combined
either/or
search]
| Illustration | MIRLYN-Classic |
MIRLYN-Web |
Universe Products |
ProQuest |
OCLC/PAIS |
IPSA |
| PHRASE |
k=security adj council |
security w council |
security council |
"security council" |
security w council |
security council |
| AND |
k=weapons adj inspections and iraq |
weapons w inspections and iraq |
weapons inspections and iraq |
"weapons inspections" and iraq |
weapons w inspections and iraq |
weapons inspections and iraq |
| OR |
k=myanmar or burma |
myanmar or burma |
myanmar or burma |
myanmar or burma |
myanmar or burma |
myanmar or burma |
| NOT |
k=yugoslavia not serbia |
yugoslavia not serbia |
yugoslavia and not serbia |
yugoslavia and not serbia |
yugoslavia not serbia |
yugoslavia not serbia |
| NESTED SEARCHING |
k=war adj crimes and (yugoslavia or serbia) |
war w crimes and (yugoslavia or serbia) |
war crimes and (yugoslavia or serbia) |
"war crimes" and (yugoslavia or serbia) |
war w crimes and (yugoslavia or serbia) |
war crimes and (yugoslavia or serbia) |
| TRUNCATION |
k=crim? |
crim? |
crim! |
crim? |
crim? |
crim* |
| TIP: No one can
remember this. Quotation marks (") usually work for phrases and
asterisks
(*) for truncation. You can always do the search and read the
directions if you don't like the
results. There's a more complete
guide at http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/training/boolean.pdf | |
 | Use SFX
button to link to
the
online
journal text OR
University of Michigan catalog for the paper copy call
number OR
Inter-Library Loan |
- International
Political Science Abstracts, 1989+ (UMich Only)
- Index to scholarly political science journal articles in Western
European languages
- Choose IPSA from the menu first; go to the next screen before
searching
- Sample search: Iraq near economic sanctions
- Searches may be recombined
- Data includes author, title, journal, and abstract in English if
the
article is in English
- If the article is in another language, the title is translated
into
English but the abstract is in French
- PsycInfo (UMich
Only)
- Indexes articles in scholarly psychological journals since 1888
- Does not provide full text
- Access through MIRLYN-Web/Indexes
- Public
Affairs Information Service Bulletin (UMich Only)
- Subject index to books, articles, and government documents on
politics and economics since 1972 in Western European languages
- Government documents include United States, United Nations, League
of
Nations, and State Governments
- Good for very current concepts, like suicide bombers
- Sample Keyword Search: suicide w bomb?
- There are also paper versions (English, 1915+, Z 7163 .P98 and
foreign, 1968+, Z 7164 .E2 P96)
- Social
Sciences Citation Index 1956- (UMich Only)
- Indexes current periodical articles by author, title/keyword,
journal, and author's affiliation
- Indexes cited authors by name, abbreviated title of book/journal
and year
- Results provide cross references between the cited author, the
citating author, and related items
- Data base also includes the Arts and Humanities and Sciences
Citation
Indexes
- Consider using an EASY SEARCH/Person/Articles by and
then search tanter r*;
look for articles that cite his previous articles
- Connect to
MIRLYN-Web,
to identify library location and call number of book or
article
- Worldwide
Political Science Abstracts (UMich Only)
- Citations, abstracts, and indexing of the international serials
literature since 1975
- Political science and complementary fields, including
international relations, law, and public
administration/policy
- Indexes foreign language journals and translates the title into
English
- Use the Thesaurus to identify subject descriptors
and related terms, particularly under
Rational Choice and Political Science
Theories
COMPREHENSIVE
SOURCES
- Columbia
International Affairs Online (UMich Only)
- Search engine indexes current world politics journals, books,
conference proceedings,
and think tank working papers
- Full text primarily of working papers
- Good source for multiple deterrence options
- Search engine includes keywords as well as broad headings such as
Conflict Resolution
- JSTOR
(UMich
Only)
- Full text of major 20th Century historical and economic
periodicals
as well as the American Political Science
Review, American Journal of International Law, International
Organization, Journal of
Conflict Resolution, and World Politics
- Most periodicals available from 1900 to within the last five years
- Index approaches by keyword, author, title, periodical
- Printing and downloading requires Adobe Acrobat or JPRINT
- Keyword searching uses highly theoretical concepts;
e.g. deterrence or conflict
resolution [full text] in political science and middle east
journals lists only 6 articles
- ProQuest
(UMich Only)
- Indexes some 2500 journal articles in all fields since the 1980s
and
provides the full text of many since the late 1990s
- Includes popular and scholarly titles, such as Comparative
Politics,
Governing, International Political Science Review, The Journal of
Conflict Resolution, and World Politics
- Journals indexed by author, title, keyword, periodical, and date
- Articles may be marked for downloading
- Text in HTML and image formats
- NOTE: this is a great source for current events, such as the
psychology of suicide bombers; limiting
articles of periodicals provides higher quality information
- SAMPLE SEARCH: suicide bomb? and periodicals
only
- Psych
Articles (UMich Only)
- Full text of 50 leading psychological journals published in the
United
States
- Searchable by keyword, author, journal, population group
INDIVIDUAL JOURNAL
TITLES
- American
Journal
of International Law, 1907+ (UMich Only)
- Articles on international legal disputes and human rights
- Articles on rules of warfare
- American Political
Science Review
- Congressional
Quarterly
(UMich Only)
- Weekly publication with non-partisan political analysis of
Congress
- Identifies major legislation, the issues, and players
- Roll call votes
- Political party and election analysis
- Web coverage begins in 1983 and is searchable
- Foreign Affairs (Council on
Foreign
Relations)
- Summaries of articles in current issue and full text of lead
article
- Contents searchable by author, subject, and issue since 1988 but
full
text not provided
- The printed copy of the periodical is located in the
Graduate Library stacks (JX 1 .F78) with current issues in
Serials Services
- Issues for 1923-1995 available through PCI
Full Text (UMich Only) and 1986 to present in ProQuest
(UMich Only)
- Foreign
Policy, 1994+ (UMich Only)
- Short articles on foreign policy issues; some anonymous
- International
Organization, 1997+ (UMich Only)
- Subjects include international agencies and treaty negotiations
- Issues for 1947-2004 available through Jstor
(UMich Only)
- International
Studies
Quarterly, 1997+ (UMich Only)
- Scholarly journal of the International Studies Association
- Issues for 1967-2004 available through JSTOR
(UMich Only)
- International
Security
1976-2003 (JSTOR)(UMich Only)
- Military and peace issues
- Journal
of
Conflict Resolution, 1998+ (UMich Only)
- War and conflict management between nations
- Issues for 1957-2004 available through JSTOR
(UMich Only)
- Journal
of Peace Research, 1998+ (UMich Only)
- Mediation, conflict resolution, war, democratic peace
- Issues for 1967-2004 available through JSTOR
(UMich Only)
- Middle East Report
(1996+)
- Selected articles on countries in the Middle East and Central Asia
- Includes reports on Iraq
- Issues for 1988-2004 available through JSTOR
(UMich Only)
- Middle
East Review of International Affairs (MERIA)
- Journal provides numerous articles on
Middle
East issues and current contents lists from other journals
- U.S. Middle East Policy Database provides
extensive annual summaries of U.S. foreign policy, 1980+
- Links to news, facts, and countries in the Middle East as well as
a
global calendar of events
- National
Journal (UMich Only)
- Extensive coverage of the Executive Branch and Presidency with
reference to
Congressional issues
- Index and full text of this weekly magazine since 1977
- Online
Middle East Assessment Reports (Center for Strategic and
International Studies)
- Short reports on demographic, economic and military trends within
various regions of the Middle East
- Full text in pdf format
- Political
Science Quarterly, 1996+ (UMich Only)
- Articles on a variety of U.S., foreign, and international relations
topics
- Issues for 1886-2002 available through JSTOR
(UMich Only)
- World
Politics
- World
Politics, 1948-95 (UMich Only)
- Political theory in international relationships
- Full text converted by the JSTOR project
- Searchable by author, title, and keyword
- Full text can be printed or downloaded using Adobe Acrobat or
tifflist
- World
Politics,
April 1996+ (UMich Only)
- Full text of periodical with search engine
- Part of University of Michigan networked subscription to Project
Muse
- BBC
Overview
- Description of U.S. position on Iraq
- Stories on European opinion and conflicting opinions between Middle
East countries and Iraqi Refugees
- Texts of pre-war documents
- Coverage of post-war controversy
- Electronic
Iraq
- News from an antiwar perspective
- Iraq
and the War on Terrorism (Washington Post)
- Questions and answers about a potential war with Iraq, including
who supports
the war, Iraq's weapons of mass destruction, and its involvement in
9/11
- Answers include links to previous Post articles
- Showdown
Iraq (CNN)
- Sections on the Gulf War, weapons inspections, military plans, maps
showing support for war
- Page archived in 2003, but casuality lists still updated regularly.
- War Report
(Center for Defense Alternatives)
- Selected newspaper and journal articles analyzing the war
Foreign
News
Comprehensive
Lists
- Academic
Universe/Lexis (UMich Only)
- Full text of newspapers from around the world in English
translation
for last several years
- Choose News/Guided News Search from main
screen
- Then choose World News and a region of the world;
you can click
on sources to determine what is covered for each region
- Sample Search
Asia and Pacific News
Iran w/10 Iraq and biological weapon!
1/1/98 to 2/28/98
- Foreign
Broadcast Information Service, 1975-96 (UMich
Only)
- Indexes foreign radio broadcasts and newswires translated into
English
- Approach by keyword, title, subject, and region
- Once the translations are identified, you can find the text in the
Serials/Microforms Room
- Guide
to FBIS
- Continued by the World News
Connection
INDEX CODE SERIES NAME FICHE # YEARS COVERED
Call Number #
AAP * Asia and the Pacific Micro-F X211 1974-87
AFR ** Africa (Sub-Sahara) Micro-F X212 1987-96
DT348.A24U529 current
EAS * East Asia Micro-F X211 1987-96
DS1.U59A39 current
EEU Eastern Europe Micro-F X209 1974-96
DR1.U58A239 current
LAT Latin America Micro-F X213 1974-96
MEA ** Middle East and Africa Micro-F X212 1974-87
NES ** Near East and South Asia Micro-F X212A 1987-96
DS41.D14 current
PRC China Micro-F X208 1974-96
DS701.U529 current
SOA *** South Asia Micro-F X215 1980-87
SOV *** Soviet Union Micro-F X210 1974-91
Central Eurasia Micro-F X210 1991-present
USR **** Central Eurasia Micro-F X210 1993-94
WEU Western Europe Micro-F X214 1974-96
______________________
* In 1987 AAP (Asia and Pacific) series became EAS (East Asia)
** In 1987, MEA (Middle East & Africa) dropped Mid East & became
AFR (Sub-Saharan Africa). South Asia added it, becoming
NES (Near East & South Asia).
*** In 1991, the Soviet Union Daily Report became the Central
Eurasian
Daily Report. The mnemonic remains SOV.
**** In 1991, the index began covering JPRS reports on Political
Affairs
of the CIS, citing them as the Central Eurasian Report (USR).
- Foreign
News Sources (Yahoo)
- Extensive list arranged by country
- International
Broadcasting
(VOA)
- Links to foreign broadcasting web sites
- International Network Information
Centers (University of Texas) [Web]
- Sections on Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, and
Russia/Eastern Europe
- Considerable background information on individual countries
- Includes references to discussion and newsgroups
- Middle East Research
Institute Special Dispatch
- Selective translations of the Middle East news media on current
events, including the war with Iraq
- Series focused on major current events since 1998
- Ultimate News Links
- Lists 3,700 newspaper web sites from around the world
- Arranged by continent/country/state or province
- Includes foreign language newspapers
- World
News
Connection (UMich Only)
- Full text of foreign news broadcasts and press releases
translated
into English beginning November 1994
- Searchable by keyword, region and subject, or Boolean logic
and modified by date
- Available to University of Michigan IP addresses
- Continues the Foreign Broadcast
Information
Service
INDIVIDUAL
SOURCES
- Abu
Dhabi
- Current gulf news covered by the United Arab Emirates
- Al-Jazeera
(English Version)
- Television network to the Arab world from Qatar
- Al-Jazeera (Arabic); use
Tarjim to
translate to English
- Arab Net
- Overview, history, business, cultural, government, and tour
information for each Arab country
- Government information includes summaries of the national
structure,
foreign policy, education, health, and the military
- News in Arabic and links to related web sites
- Arabic Media Internet
Network
- Extensive links to on-line news media from Arab countries
- Texts in English or Arabic
- Arabic
Press
- Links to internet versions of Middle Eastern newspapers
- Arabic and English
- British Broadcasting
Corporation
- Text of news, culture, science, and children's programs, primarily
beginning 1996
- News screen only lists current programs; use the SEARCH key to
access
the archives
- Cairo Press
Review
- Daily headlines and editorials from Cairo newspapers translated
into
English
- Debkafile
- Dubbed the "Drudge Report of the Middle East"
- Anti-terrorism news
- Inside China Today
- News, business, culture, and travel information
- News service archived to December 1, 1996
- Iran
Weekly Press Digest
- Internal, economic, and foreign affairs news summary
- Current selected articles available without a subscription
- Iraq Net
- Current news stories in English from an American perspective
- Web logs
- Iraq-Report
- Weekly news summary about Iraqi politics since 1998
- Reporting appears to be objective
- Issued by Radio Free Europe, a U.S. government project
- Jerusalem
Post (Internet Edition)
- Full text of current edition
- Jordan Times
- Last week of political and economic news
- Covering the Iraq situation
- Russia Today
- News, business, culture, and travel information for Russia and CIS
countries
- News service archived to December 2, 1996
- Saudi Arabia Information
Service
- Daily news translated into English
- Archive includes Prince Saud's statements on terrorism and previous
expulsion
of Osama bin Laden
- Sky
News
- U.K. coverage of war featuring reporters in the field
- Turkish
Daily News
- News, opinions, and letters to the editor in English
- Coverage of Iraq and Palestinian situations
- Searchable archive from 1996
United
States
- Academic
Universe/Lexis (UMich Only)
- Full text of newspapers from major U.S. cities and well as those
from around the world
- Choose Guided News Search from main
screen
- May choose General News/Major Papers (major world
newspapers, including
New York Times), U.S. News/Region (locally recognized
newspapers),
World News (international newspapers in English), or
News Transcripts/broadcaster (talking heads)
- Sample Search
General News/Major Papers
Iraq w/10 public opinion
8/1/2002 to 10/5/2002
- Cable News Network
(CNN)
- News stories on current political issues, often with the full-text
of relevant documents
- Recent material and election coverage archived in subject groups
- Summaries or full text of recent CNN political programs
- Christian Science
Monitor
- Daily newspaper with the full text of lead articles (U.S.,
international, cultural, crossword)
- Archive back to 1980 searchable by subject and available from
pulldown menu
- MSNBC
- Current news, weather, and sports
- Features real-time and multimedia presentations
- Use "Find" button in lefthand frames to search
archive
- Maximized for Microsoft Internet Explorer
- New York
Times
- Full text of today's New York Times and a searchable archive
- Initial registration required
- Registration currently free in the U.S. but organization reserves
the right to charge
- Washington Post
- Full text of current issue and searchable archive
- International section has news and web links to individual
countries
- Brookings
Institution
- Private, non-profit, independent institute analyzing U.S.
government
policy and international relations
- Summaries of position papers on "hot topics" and selected
Congressional testimony
- Table of contents for the Brookings Review
and selected articles
- Publications catalog and information about the organization
- Carnegie
Endowment for
International Peace
- Reports, working papers, and analyses of news articles on the
conflict
with Iraq
- Center for Defense
Information
- Arms Trade Data Base provides the text of
news articles on arms trade, arranged by country
- Weekly Defense Monitor includes position
papers
- U.S. military spending clock
- Eye on Iraq includes several policy
assessments
- Center for International and
Strategic Studies
- Organizations conducts numerous projects around the world
- Use search engine to identify policy papers on Iraq
- Center
for Public Integrity
- Its Iraq War Card, released in 2008 documents 935
false or misleading statements about Iraq in the two years following the
World Trade Center bombing
- Columbia
International Affairs Online (UMich Only)
- Search engine indexes current world politics journals, books,
conference proceedings,
and think tank working papers
- Full text primarily of working papers
- Council on Foreign
Affairs
- Summaries of articles from its journal, Foreign
Affairs
- Confronting
Iraq
- Special issue of Foreign Affairs magazine devoted to
Iraq
- Five scholarly articles from 1990 and 2000-2002
- Articles analyze the Gulf War, Saddam's ability to survive, and a
call for war after failed
containment
- Hoover Institution on War,
Revolution, and Peace
- Description of programs, research, and archival holdings
- Text of press releases
- Search Iraq for the text of articles and
transcripts
- Rand Corporation
- Non-profit research organization
- "Research Areas" includes a subject
bibliography of RAND publications since 1985 with abstracts of the
reports and articles in the RAND Research
Review since 1994
- "Hot Topics" has the full-text of current policy papers
- Use search engine for reports and op-ed pieces on Iraq
- Saban Center
for
Middle East Policy
- Offshoot of the Brookings Institution
- Biweekly memoes and articles analyzing Iraqi and U.S.
policy
- Stockholm International Peace Research
Institute
- Promotes international disarmament
- Summaries of the SIPRI
Yearbook, beginning
1993, cover major armed conflicts, military spending, and disarmament
developments
- Describes SIPRI research areas, such as its Chemical and Biological
Disarmament program
- Its Iraq and Arms
Control is a summary of articles from the SIPRI Yearbook
on Iraq for
the past ten years
- United States Institute of
Peace
- Promotes the resolution of international conflict without violence
- Describes the organization's work, internships and grants
- Bibliography of free printed publications
- Its Iraq Web
Links primarily cover material through 1998 but include a
smattering
of Bush Administration documents
- Washington
Institute for
Near East Policy
- Leading think tank analyzing options for U.S. policy with the
Palestinian/Israel
Conflict and Iraq
- Numerous reports and working papers
- Its Publications page is browsable by subject; some
publications can be downloaded
- Its Peacewatch page has numerous working papers for
downloading
- Numerous articles on Iraq are linked from Professor Ray
Tanter's Course
Syllabus
THREAT ASSESSMENTS
- Chemical
and Biological Warfare (University of Bradford)
- Full text of Fourth Review Conference Documents (1996) and historic
treaties
- Link to "Review Conferences Page" provides working papers, conference papers, and briefs
- Also provides excellent links to web sites on chemical and biological weapons
disarmament
- Combatting
Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Congressional Commission
Report
[http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/pdf/deutch.pdf]
- Outlines potential dangers from weapons by other countries,
including
old Russian stockpiles and Iraq's anthrax
- Recommends changes in U.S. policy
- Deutch report, 1999
- Harvard-Sussex on CBW Armament
and Arms Limitation [http://www.sussex.ac.uk/Units/spru/hsp/]
- Text and signatories of the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention, 1972
Biological Weapons Convention, and 1925 Geneva Protocol
- Publications catalog of the program
- Monterey
Institute
Chemical and Biological Weapons Resource Page
- Numerous articles and fact sheets on chemical and biological
weapons
- A chart of countries which own them
- Timelines on the use of chemical and biological weapons
- Assessments of weapons in the Middle East by country
- Consider current data on terrorism
- Ahmed Chalabi
- Commission
on
the Intelligence Capabilities of the United States Regarding Weapons of
Mass Destruction
- Believes miscalculation on Iraq's WMD due to biased intelligence
analysis, lack of information sharing, and absence of strong leadership
- Known as the Robb-Silberman Report
- Presented to President Bush on the March 31, 2005
- Comprehensive
Report of the Special Advisor to the DCI on Iraq's WMD
(CIA)
- Concludes that Iraq had no secret cache of Weapons of Mass
Destruction
- Saddam's capacity to create them weakened after 1991
- Written by Charles Duelfer of the Iraq Survey Group
- Available in HTML and PDF formats
- Originally osted to the web on October 6, 2004 but
too large to be usable until December 2004
- Summary
(readable)
- Prepared
Testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee, Oct. 26,
2004
- University of Michigan Copy of
Duelfer Report
- David Kay
- Interim
Report
- Interim progress report by the Iraq Survey Group
- Excerpted testimony in closed hearings held by House and Senate
Intelligence Committees on October 2, 2003
- No WMD found in Iraq though some evidence of dual facilities
- Iraqi scientists have provided no useful information
- Another copy
- Iraq
Arms Inspector Casts Doubt on WMD Claims
- Tape of National Public Radio Interview aired on January 25, 2004
- David Kay resigned from WMD hunt
- No war-ready WMD found although there may have been some movement
of
weapons to Syria
- Audio for Real Player or Windows Media Player
- For transcript, University of Michigan affiliates should use
Academic
Universe; Guided News Search/News Transcripts/NPR; then
search for Kay and Iraq in headline on Jan. 25, 2004
- His testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee on Jan.
28,
2004 is only available electronically through C-Span using RealPlayer
- Committee
Established to Review Intelligence on WMD (GtBrit)
- Statement by British foreign minister Jack Straw to Parliament on
February 3, 2004
- Outlines mission, timetable, and members of commission to review
Iraq's WMD intelligence
- Review of
Intelligence on on Weapons of Mass Destruction (Butler
Report)
- Available through the BBC
- Report says MI6 did not check its sources well and a
45-minute strike at Britain was an unfounded claim
- Released July 2004
- Executive
Order Creating Intelligence Commission
- Order by President Bush on February 6, 2004
- Intelligence Commission on WMD to report on March 31, 2005
- Co-chairs are Senator Chuck Robb and Judge Laurence Silberman
- Additional members: Senator John McCain; Lloyd Cutler, former
White
House Counsel to Presidents Carter and Clinton; Rick Levin, the
President
of Yale University; Admiral Bill Studeman, the former Deputy Director
of
the Central Intelligence Agency; Judge Pat Wald, a former judge on the
D.C. Court of Appeals
- Levin
Says
Newly Declassified Information Indicates Bush Administration's Use of
Pre-War Intelligence Was Misleading
- Press release from Senator Carl Levin on November 6, 2005
- Indicates discrepancy between Administration's WMD claims,
Hussein/al-Qaeda
relationship, and Hussein religious ties and statements given by the
Defense Intelligence Agency
- Postwar
Findings about Iraq's WMD Program and Links to Terrorism and How They
Compare with PreWar Assessments
- Report evaluates CIA prewar assessments of Iraq's WMD capability and
its links to terrorism
- Released by the Senate Intelligence Committee on September 8,
2006
- Report on
the
U.S. Intelligence Community's Prewar Intelligence Assessments of
Iraq
- Report faults CIA for group think in assuming Iraq had
weapons of mass destruction
- Released July 2004
- Full report is 524 pages in pdf format
- Tenet
Address on WMD Intelligence
- Speech by CIA Director George Tenet on February 5, 2004
- Defends CIA's pre-war intelligence on Iraq's WMD
- Tenet Resignation
- The
Unknown:
CIA and the Pentagon Take Another Look at Iraq and
Al-Qaeda
- Article by Jeffrey Goldberg appearing in the New Yorker on Feb. 3,
2003
- Use
by the Intelligence Community of Information Provided by the Iraqi
National Congress
- Explores role of Ahmed Chalabi and inaccurate information supplied
by anti-Saddam forces
- Released by the Senate Intelligence Committee on September 8,
2006
- Comprehensive
Report of the Special Advisor to the DCI on
Iraq's WMD (CIA)
- Concludes that Iraq had no secret cache of Weapons of Mass
Destruction
- Saddam's capacity to create them weakened after 1991
- Written by Charles Duelfer of the Iraq Survey Group
- Posted to the web on October 6,
2004 but
too large to be usable
- Summary
(readable)
- Prepared
Testimony before the Senate Armed Services Committee, Oct. 26,
2004
- University of Michigan Copy of
Duelfer Report
- Congressional
Hearings in Congressional Universe (UMich Only)
- Search CIS Index, 1970+ by subject to identify
numerous hearings on the
U.S. assessment of Iraq
- Selected testimony available on line; full text in Documents Center
in paper and/or microfiche
- Non-UMich readers should go directly to the key committee web
sites:
- Defense
Intelligence Agency Report (CNN)
- Excerpts of one-page unclassified summary of classified DIA report
issued September 2002
- Report finds no specific locations for chemical or biological
weapons
in Iraq but says Iraq could have biological material ready to weaponize
- Released on June 6, 2003
- International Institute of Strategic
Studies
- British think tank
- Report issued on September 9 reviewing Iraq's WMD program since the
UN
inspectors left in 1998
- Concludes that Iraq could make nuclear weapons if had foreign
assistance
- Report not on web site and must be purchased
- However, web site links to considerable newspaper coverage
- Iraq
and Arms
Control (SIPRI)
- Assessment of weapons inspections and WMD in Iraq is a summary of
articles from the SIPRI Yearbook on Iraq for
the past ten years
- Iraqgate:
Saddam
Hussein, U.S. Policy and the Prelude to the Persian Gulf War,
1980-1994 (UMich Only)
- About 1900 declassified government documents on the Banca Nazionale
del Lavoro scandal, the secret arming of
Saddam Hussein's army, and Iraqi economics
- Full text searchable by subject, date, and type of material
- Iraqi
Special Weapons Guide (Global Security)
- Extensive descriptions of Iraq's chemical, biological, and nuclear
weapons programs
- List of suspected chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons sites
in Iraq, including
geographic coordinates
- Iraqi intelligence and deception activities
- Links to United Nations resolutions and weapons inspection
reports
- Iraq's
Weapons of Mass Destruction (CIA)
- Concludes that Iraq had reconstituted chemical and biological
weapons facilities
- Iraq is one to five years away from having nuclear capability
- Lists previous UN Security Council Resolutions and Iraq's actions
- Lists chemical agents and previous use on Iranians and Kurds
- Maps of chemical, biological, nuclear and ballistic facilities
- Iraq's
Weapons of Mass Destruction: Assessment by the British
Government
- Fifty-five page report (pdf) presented by Prime Minister Tony Blair
on
September 24, 2002
- Claims Iraq can launch WPM within 45 minutes of Saddam Hussein's
order
- David
Kelly Suicide (BBC)
- Claimed to Parliament on July 15, 2003 that British report on
Iraq's
WMD had been
"sexed up"
- Committed suicide on July 17, 2003
- Article includes his testimony
to the House of Commons Select Committee on Foreign Affairs, links to
the
committee's previous report on the investigation, a family statement,
and
a biography of Kelly
- The Hutton
Report of the Inquiry into the Circumstances Surrounding the Death of
Dr.
David Kelly
- Results of investigation by Lord Hutton
- Concludes David Kelly was solely responsible for his own suicide
- Text of correspondence, transcripts of telephone messages, and
discussion of BBC role
- Niger Uranium
- State of the Union
Message
- President Bush's message to Congress on January 28, 2003
- Use "find" key and the keyword "uranium" to find the passage on
Hussein's attempt to buy uranium from Africa
- CIA
Mea Culpa
- Press release by George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence, on
July 11, 2003
- Takes blame for approving statement of Iraq's uranium purchase bid
appearing in the State of the Union message
- Iraq's
Weapons of Mass Destruction: Assessment by the British
Government
- Fifty-five page report (pdf)
- Source for claim that Iraq was trying to purchase uranium from
Niger
- Fake
Iraq Documents 'Embarrassing' to U.S. (CNN)
- News story published on March 14, 2003
- Outlines reasons by the International Atomic Energy Agency
determined
the Iraqi documents showing a purchase agreement of uranium from Niger
were forged
- CIA Leak Investigation
- Fmr.
Ambassador Joseph C. Wilson IV
- Investigated Niger uranium claim in 2002 for the State Department
and
believed
it unlikely
- His Op-Ed article appeared in the New York Times,
Sunday, July 6, 2003, Section 4, p. 9, Column 1
- Title: What I Didn't Find in Africa
- University of Michigan users should access Academic
Universe
- Search for New York Times under Sources; then limit author
to
Wilson and date to 7/6/03
- Office of the
Special Counsel
- Special Counsel Patrick Fitzgerald investigated who leaked
the name of Valerie Plame, Joseph Wilson's wife, as a CIA
operative to the press
- Indicted Scooter Libby, Vice President Cheney's Chief of Staff, for
obstruction of justice on
October 28, 2005
- Web site has indictment, legal proceedings, and trial exhibits
- CNN
Special Report on CIA Leak
- Robert Novak Editorial appeared in the
Chicago Sun-Times on July 14, 2003, p. 31 and is
available in LEXIS-NEXIS
Academic (UMich Only) under Guided News
Search/General News/Major Papers with Novak as author and Plame
in full text
- Libby
Statement to Grand Jury
- Statement released on April 5, 2006 suggests President Bush
directly
authorized release of previously-secret national security
estimates
- National Intelligence Estimate Excerpts
- Eight pages of the 90-page document were released by the White
House
on July 18, 2003
- Text
via the Federation of American Scientists
- Articles concerning the documents
- CNN
- President Bush's Case for Iraqi Invasion
- President's
Speech before the United Nations
- Speech outlining case and asking for UN support
- Dated September 12, 2002
- Decade
of Deception and Defiance
- Report to the United Nations outlining the threat posed by Saddam
Hussein
- Includes weapons of mass destruction, support of international
terrorism, repression of Iraqi people, refusal to obey UN sanctions
- Available in HTML and pdf
- Another
Copy
- President
Bush's Address to the Nation
- Address made in Cincinnati on October 7, 2002
- Outlines reasons for pursuing Iraq's weapons of mass destruction
and
the war powers resolution before Congress
- Another copy
- National Security Strategy
Document - 2002
- Chapters on championing human dignity, defeating terrorism,
preventing
threats from weapons of mass destruction, encouraging free markets and
open societies, and transforming national security institutions
- Greatest danger is the intersection of radicalism with technology
- Calls for pre-emptive strikes
- Dated
September 17 and released September 20,
2002
- Another copy
- National
Security Strategy 2006
- Senate Foreign Relations
Hearing
- Hearings to Examine Threats, Responses, and Regional
Considerations
Surrounding Iraq
a post-Saddam Iraq
- Text version (downloaded from GPO web site) includes prepared
statements
and full text of testimony
- PDF Version (4.2
MB)
- Amnesty
International Reports on Iraq
- Reports on human rights abuses in Iraq from 1998 to the present
- Iraq:
Country Report on Human Rights Practices 2001 (State
Dept)
- Annual report on human rights violations with examples and
statistics
- Includes state murder, exile, women's rights, freedom of
religion
- Iraq
Ministry
of Foreign
Affairs
No longer active. Link maintained
for historical context.
- Saddam's statements on United Nations sanctions and U.S. aggression
- Outlines United States war crimes
- Discussion of human rights situation in Iraq
- Archived
web page from July 18, 2002
- Saddam Hussein:
Crimes and Human Rights Abuses (British Foreign
Office)
- Twelve-page pamphlet outlining alleged abuses of women, prisoners,
Kurds, Shia Community, Kuwait, and citizens
- Released on December 2, 2002
- State Department
Announcement
- Announcement by State Department Representative Richard Boucher of
October 16, 2002
- North Korea admitted it had violate 1994 nuclear ban
- Agreed
Framework (FAS)
- Text of Geneva agreement between the U.S. and North Korea limiting
nuclear development
- Dated October 21, 1994
- Academic
Universe (UMich)
- Best source for current assessments of the comparative threat of
Iraq
and North Korea
- Use Advanced News Search
- Access General News or News Transcripts
- iraq w/s north korea w/s threat and date after
10-16-2002
- Foreign
Missile Developments and the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United
States
through 2015 (CIA)
- CIA report from 1999 outlining the possible threats from Iran,
Iraq,
North Korea, Russia and China
- International
Atomic Energy Agency
- Archived information on IAEA activities in Iraq (no new content since June 29, 2007)
- Links to archived UN documents and think tank web sites
- North
Korea Special Weapons Guide (FAS)
- Comprehensive guide to North Korean nuclear, chemical and
biological
weapons
- Explanation and organization of its defense and intelligence
capabilities
- Details of the 1994 agreement and contemporary articles
- Updated assessments
- Political
Information
- Index to political web sites, including parties, research
organizations, lobbyists, and government
- Search: iraq and north korea and threat
- Numerous links predating 2002
- ProQuest
(UMich Only)
- Indexes some 2500 journal articles in all fields since the 1980s
and
provides the full text of many since the late 1990s
- Best source for information on suicide bombers
- Rational
Fanatics, by Ehud Sprinzak (UMich Only)
- See Foreign Policy, September/October 2000
- Sociology
and Psychology of Terrorism: Who Becomes a Terrorist and Why?
(CRS)
- Congressional Research Service report issued in September 1999
analyzing the characteristics of terrorists
- Includes overall psychology and an analysis of previous terrorists
- Widely discussed in mid-May 2002 for predicting the possibility of
hijacking planes to hit the Pentagon, etc.
- Another
Copy (HTML)
- Terrorism and
Proliferation: PS498 (Tanter)
- Course notes describe motivation behind suicide terrorism
- Links to articles
MILITARY BACKGROUND
- CNN
Special
- On-going coverage, including biographies, timelines, description
of
weapons, background on biological and chemical weapons
- Crisis
in Iraq (State Department)
- Description of weapons of mass destruction
- Links to human rights reports, travel advisories
- Operation
Desert Fox (U.S. Defense Dept)
- Brief chronology of Desert Fox, December 1998 - January 1999
- Press releases and Defense Department briefings on the
operation
- President
Clinton's Address of the Nation
- Address announcing missile attack on Iraq
- Given at 6 p.m., December 16, 1998
- President's
Statement Ending Operation Desert Fox
- Statement made at 6p.m. on December 19
- UNSCOM
- Reports of UN inspection team in Iraq
- As of December 16, does not include Richard Butler's December 15th
report citing non-cooperation
- Washington
Post Coverage
- U.S. military equipment and bombing targets
- Description of Richard Butler's December 15th report describing
Iraq's non-cooperation
- Russian
President
(December 17, 1998)
- Saddam
Hussein's Address of the Nation (December 17, 1998)
- US Reaction
- Desert
Storm
- Superb web site by Scott O'Hara
- Chronology of the war and troop/equipment contributions by country
- Names of casualties, POWs and MIAs by state
- "Missing" documents describing the Gulf War Syndrome
- Gulflink
- Official Defense Department site on Gulf War illnesses
- Describes chemical weapons used and has some declassified
documents
- Maps of
the Gulf War (PBS)
- Maps of various troop positions during the war
- Estimated
Costs of a Potential War with Iraq (CBO)
- Congressional Budget Office report released on September 30, 2002
- Estimates a monthly cost of $6-$9 billion per month for a war with
Iraq
- Provides troop assumptions
- First
Strike Guidelines:
The Case of Iraq (Project on Defense Alternatives)
- Detailed analysis by Charles Wright on the pre-emptive strike
guidelines written by
Barry Schneider in his 1995 paper Radical Responses to Radical
Regimes
- Extensive footnotes and links to related articles
- Iraq:
Former
and Recent Military Confrontations with the United States
(CRS)
- Short history of confrontations, primarily over the no-fly zone
since the Gulf War
- Military forces in middle eastern countries
- Written in September 2002
- Iraqi
Special Weapons Guide (Global Security)
- Extensive descriptions of Iraq's chemical, biological, and nuclear
weapons programs
- List of suspected chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons sites
in Iraq, including
geographic coordinates
- Iraqi intelligence and deception activities
- Links to United Nations resolutions and weapons inspection
reports
- SIPRI
Yearbook [Web and Library]
- Lengthy annual summaries of international military affairs,
conflicts, and disarments
- Includes statistics and signatories to major treaties
- Paper copy: UA 17 .S12 with current in Doc.Cen.--Doc.Ref.
- See also its Iraq and Arms
Control for a special report on weapons inspections and
WMD for the past ten years
- Strategic
Intelligence (Loyola)
- Links to U.S. intelligence and military intelligence web pages as
well as selected web pages of foreign countries
- Selected declassified documents and journal articles from Covert
Action Quarterly
- Target
Iraq
(Global Security)
- History of U.S. relations with Iraq
- Concise explanations of U.S. military power, order of battle, and
military options
- Iraqi military strength
- Previous wars with Iraq
- Extensive links to key U.S. documents and to the anti-war
movement
- UN Peace-Keeping
Operations
- World map identifies current and completed peacekeeping missions
since 1948
- Data for each mission includes a description, dates, military
strength, and the name of the primary military observer
- Separate sections of the web site include fatalities by type and
mission, numbers of peacekeeping forces contributed by country,
lessons
learned from past missions, and the most current annual report
- World
Military Expenditures and Arms Transfers (ACDA)
- Military expenditures, armed forces, GNP, and population for 172
countries, 1984-
- Arms transfers by supplier and recipient
- Summary of world military forces and arms transfers for various
years, 1961 to present
- United States policy on arms control and export
- Issues for 1996-1998 available at the
State
Department Web Archives
- Congressional
Resolution - 2002
- Daschle
Hopes to Limit Iraq Resolution (CNN)
- Senate Majority Tom Daschle wants to limit war powers to
eliminating Iraq's
Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Believes broader resolution sets a precedent for other countries
- Article also describes Ted Kennedy's views
- Based on interviews conducted October 6, 2002
- H.J.R.
114 - BILL PASSED BY
CONGRESS
- Bill agreement between Dennis Hastert, Dick Gephardt, and President
Bush
- S. J. Res
45
- Resolution authorizing the President's use of force in Iraq
- Introduced by Tom Daschle and Trent Lott on September 26, 2002
- S. J. Res.
46
- Senate Debate
- Congressional
Record (Oct. 4, 2002, pp. 9933-9938)
- Congressional
Record (Oct. 7, 2002, pp. S60006-S60031)
- Congressional
Record (Oct. 8, 2002, pp. S60007-S60107)
- Congressional
Record (Oct. 9, 2002, pp. S60145-S60217)
- Congressional
Record (Oct. 10, 2002, pp. S60233-60272)
- Congressional
Record (Oct. 10, 2002, p. 60342)
- Senate
Roll Call Vote on HJR 114
- Vote conducted on October 11, 2002, 77-23
- Arranged by Senator, yea or nay, and state
- House Debate
- Iraq
Liberation Act - 1998
- Provides up to $97 Million in funding to support a transition
government in Iraq
- H.R. 4655, Public Law 105-338 (signed Oct. 31, 1998)
- Laws Covering War Declaration
- Presidential Balance of
Power
- Power
Shift to President May Stick
- Brief history of the balance of power between the Executive and
Legislative
Branch since President Nixon
- Christian Science Monitor article of October 3, 2002
- Proquest
(UMich Only)
- Proquest's Research Library indexes articles
appearing in
Presidential Studies Quarterly since 1994 and provides
the full text
- Journal is primarily focused on presidential-legislative
relations
- Hussein
Interview with Dan Rather (CBS)
- Full text and video excerpts of one hour interview aired on
February
26, 2003
- Hussein claims Iraq will fight, will not accept exile, will not
torch
Iraq's infrastructure
- Challenges President Bush to a satellite debate
- Iraq
Ordered Nerve Gas Antidote (CNN)
- Report that Iraq has attempted to buy massive doses of atropine and
obidoxime chloride from Turkey
- Story dated November 13, 2002
- Saddam's
Deadly Subway Scheming
- 60 Minutes interview with Hussein Shahristani aired
on
February 23, 2003
- Saddam has subway tunnels under Baghdad
- Can be used for a chemical warfare ring around the city or for
Saddam's escape in case of a nuclear attack
- Downing
Street Memo (London Times)
- Secret British memo dated July 23, 2002
- Assumes President Bush had already decided to go to war with Iraq
- Printed in the Sunday Times of London on May 1, 2005
- See the Downing Street
Memo web site for elated documents
- War
Plan for Iraq is Ready, Officials Say (Washington
Post)
- War plan includes severe bombing on outskirts followed by quick
invasion and psychological warfare
- Aim is to foster internal rebellion against Hussein
- Article by Thomas Ricks appears on p. 1 of Washington Post,
November
10, 2002
CONTAINMENT STRATEGIES
- National Security Strategy
Document
- Chapters on championing human dignity, defeating terrorism,
preventing
threats from weapons of mass destruction, encouraging free markets and
open societies, and transforming national security institutions
- Greatest danger is the intersection of radicalism with technology
- Calls for pre-emptive strikes
- Dated
September 17 and released September 20,
2002
- Another
Copy
- National
Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Bush policy includes interdiction, aggressive pursuit of an
international nonproliferation policy, and dealing with the
consequences
of an attack
- Pamphlet released in pdf format on December 11, 2002
- The classified version of this report is known as National Security
Presidential Directive 17 (NSPD 17) and Homeland Security Presidential
Directive 4, signed May 2002
- The complete report is described in an article by Mike Allen and
Barton Gellman in the Washington
Post on Dec. 11, 2002, p. A1
- United Nations Security Council Instructions
- S/Res.687 (1991)
- Establishes use of economic sanctions against Iraq
- Goods Review List
- Prohibited goods for import into Iraq
- Revised May 2002
- Iraq Mission to
UNESCO
- Effects of sanctions on Iraq's health and education
- Pictures and statistics
- Iraq
Sanctions: Humanitarian Implications and Options for the Future
(Global Policy)
- Paper written by several NGOs and Christian organizations on the
effect of
economic sanctions
- Describes the origin of the sanctions in the Iraq-Iran and Gulf
Wars
- Oil-for-food and smart sanctions policies
- Concludes that sanctions hurt individual civilians
- Oil-for-Food
Programme (UN)
Facts and resolutions permitting Iraq to import food for its oil
exports
- Sanctions
(American Friends Service Committee)
- Series of articles describing the health effects of various
sanctions
- United
Nations Monitoring, Verification, and Inspection
Commission (UNMOVIC)
- United Nations
Special Commission (UNSCOM)
- Mandate and membership
- General Assembly and Security Council resolutions relating to
UNSCOM
- Various reports on weapons inspection
- Latest semi-annual report
- Replaced by UNMOVIC
- International
Atomic Energy Agency
- Responsible for the nuclear component in the Iraqi weapons
inspections
- Results of the October meeting in Vienna for renewed inspections
- Previous inspection activities
- Report
to the Security Council by Mohammed ElBaradei
- Report dated March 7, 2003
- No evidence of aluminum tubes for nuclear weapons
- Iraq's industrial capacity weakened
- Iraq's Response
- Hussein
Interview with Dan Rather (CBS)
- Full text and video excerpts of one hour interview aired on
February
26, 2003
- Hussein claims Iraq will fight, will not accept exile, will not
torch
Iraq's infrastructure
- Challenges President Bush to a satellite debate
- Hussein
Interview with Tony Benn (CNN)
- Transcript of Saddam Hussein's interview with peace activist and
former parliamentary member Tony Benn
- Denies links to Al Qaeda or weapons of mass destruction
- Aired on British television, February 4, 2003
- Iraq
Info No longer active. Link
maintained
for historical context.
- Mission to the United
Nations No longer active.
Link
maintained
for historical context.
- Speeches and press releases by Saddam Hussein and UN Ambassador
- Letters regarding weapons inspections
- Statistics on the effect of sanctions
- Web site requires a high level browser
- Saddam
Defiant on Missiles (CBS)
- Description of Dan Rather's interview with Saddam Hussein
- Refuses to destroy al-Samoud missiles and challenges President Bush
to
a debate
- Full interviewed aired on February 26, 2003
- Saddam's
Letter to the General Assembly No
longer active. Link maintained
for historical context.
- Naji Sabri read letter of Saddam Hussein to UN General Assembly on
September 19, 2002
- States that there are no weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and
President Bush simply wants Iraqi oil
- Full text not available from UN web site free but issued as UN
Document A/57/PV. 16
- Ten
Concessions
- Ten concessions made by UNMOVIC and Iraq about the inspection
process
- Includes admissions of Iraqi cooperation and Iraqi promises of
further
cooperation, including national legislation and encouraging scientists
to
meet with inspectors
- Made on January 20, 2003
- Iraq Weapons
Declaration
- Iraq
Weapons Declaration (CNN)
- Table of contents for the 12,000 page report translated into
English
- Report submitted to UNMOVIC on December 7
- Hans
Blix' Notes
- Notes for Security Council briefing on December 19, 2002 by UN
Chief
Weapons Inspector Hans Blix
- Bush Administration's Case for Iraqi
Invasion
- President's
Speech before the United Nations
- Speech outlining case and asking for UN support
- Dated September 12, 2002
- President's
Press Conference on Iraq (March 7, 2003)
- Outlined current intelligence that Saddam is not complying with
disarmament resolution
- Will call for UN resolution on Iraq even if resolution fails
- Appartus
of Lies (White House)
- Saddam's use of tragedy, suffering, Islam, and historical
revisionism
to promote deception per the White House
- Decade
of Deception and Defiance
- Report to the United Nations outlining the threat posed by Saddam
Hussein
- Includes weapons of mass destruction, support of international
terrorism, repression of Iraqi people, refusal to obey UN sanctions
- Available in HTML and pdf
- Another
Copy
- Secretary of State Powell
- Secretary Powell's Presentation to the UN
Security Council
- Iraq: Still
Failing to Disarm
- Speech made to the Center for Strategic and International Studies
on
March 5, 2003
- State
Department Press Releases
- Press releases by Colin Powell beginning in 2002 on Iraq situation
- Includes comments made at World Economic Forum and statement after
the
Hans Blix report
- State
of the Union Address - 2003
- Speech delivered by President Bush to Congress and the nation on
January 28, 2003
- Outlines the weapons Iraq has not destroyed and their possible
impact
on terrorism
- Proposed tax cuts, Medicare reform, AIDS assistance, energy
reduction
programs, mentoring for children of prisoners
- What
Does Disarmament Look Like? (pdf)
- White House release of January 2003
- Cites examples of successful disarmament programs and clues of
Iraqi
non-cooperation
- Why
We Know Iraq is Lying
- New York Times Op Ed piece by Condoleeza Rice, published on January
23, 2003
- Security Council
Resolution (S/RES/1441)
- Inspection
Resolution
- Resolution negotiated by United States to inspect Iraq
- Calls for immediate, unimpeded, unconditional, and
unrestricted access
- RECALLS, in that context, that the council has
repeatedly warned Iraq that it will face serious
consequences as a result of its continued
violations
of its obligations
- Passed unanimously by the Security Council on November 8, 2002
- UN
Version of S. 1441
- Second Resolution Authorizing
War
- U.S./U.K./Spanish
Resolution
- Claims Saddam has failed to meet obligations
- Considered go-ahead for immediate war
- Circulated on Feb. 24, 2003
- British
Resolution Extending Time to March 17
- Gives Iraq until March 17, 2003 for full compliance
- Must yield completely to UNMOVIC and IAEA
- Six Tests
(UK)
- Draft amendment to UN resolution submitted by Tony Blair and Jack
Straw on March 12, 2003
- Proposes six disarmament tests that Iraq must meet to avoid
war
- Jacques Chirac (French
President)
- Chirac
Makes His Case on Iraq
- Christiane Amanpour's interview with French President on reasons
for
opposing resolution authorizing force
- Aired on 60 Minutes on March 16, 2003
- Paris:
We May Help in Chemical War (CNN)
- Article posted by CNN on March 18, 2003
- According to French ambassador, Saddam's use of chemical or
biological
weapons would change French position on war
- French/German/Russian
Memo
- Calls for war as last resort
- Circulated on Feb. 24, 2003
- Azores
Summit Press Conference
- Summit between Spain, Britain, and U.S. held on March 16, 2003
- Transcript of President Bush's statements on Iraq and calling March
17
the world's "Moment of Truth"
- Statements by President Aznar on the Atlantic alliance and Prime
Minister Blair on Iraq
- Questions and answers
- Clear indication that war with Iraq likely the week of March
17
- Woodward's Plan of
Attack
- Sixty
Minutes Interview (CBS)
- Extensive experts and videos of CBS interview with Washington Post
reporter Bob Woodward on April 18, 2004
- His book, Plan of Attack, says the Bush
Administration
began planning for the Iraq War shortly after 9/11/2001
- Cheney's idea, Bush's Christian mission, Colin Powell not told,
deal
with Saudi Arabia to reduce gas prices in Fall 2004
- Rumsfeld
Interview with Woodward
- Redacted transcript of Secy. of Defense Rumsfeld's interview with
Bob
Woodward on October 23, 2003
- Released on April 19, 2004 to modify claims in Woodward book
- Another copy
Comprehensive Sites
Think Tanks [Web]
Chemical/Biological
Warfare
Operation
Desert Fox
Comprehensive U.S. Policy